In recent years, ethnic autonomous regions have undergone unprecedented rapid development in the economic and social field, but the gap between ethnic autonomous regions and the eastern coastal areas is growing. This increased gap may cause political and social instability. Against this background, how to improve the living standards of ethnic autonomous regions and narrow the income gap between regions is  becoming a major  issue in the livelihood of the present study. In reference to the articles of similar studies, recalculated China’s 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions’ per capita income from 1990 to 2010 using purchasing power parity,and obtained integrated disposable income of consolidated reflecting the real standard of living of the residents and the coefficient of variation expressing the regional disparities. Data show that the income level of ethnic autonomous regions is far lower than the eastern part of the country’s average income level, and the gap between the existing situation is widening. The paper proposed the countermeasures to improve the income of ethnic autonomous regions, improve the living standards of the practical and narrow the income gap between ethnic autonomous regions and the eastern regions of China.

This paper adopts social network approach and evolutionary perspective to explore the spatial features of inter-regional knowledge collaboration networks in the Yangtze River Delta from 1991 to 2010,  examined the spatial characteristics of the macro network in evolution, the dynamism of network nodes and, the impact factors of spatial selection in the process of interregional knowledge collaboration. It is concluded that: there is a strong spatial polarization effect embedded in the evolution process of inter-regional knowledge collaboration network in the YRD, the density of collaborative networks in Southern Jiangsu province is much better than those in Northern Zhejiang province; The space driving forces of the regional knowledge networking are initially based on big cities such as Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou then gradually changed to small and mediumsized cities, showing the core-periphery model in space which would be extent for a long term. There are three main factors affecting the region coupling of knowledge collaboration, namely geographic proximity, administrative proximity and knowledge size proximity. The results show that the impacts of knowledge scale proximity are getting increasingly significant, while the impacts of other factors are diminishing.

Taking the panel data of 30 provinces in China during 2005—2014, this essay established comprehensive index system to measure regional technological innovation capability and economic growth quality.Using the Moran’s I to observe the spatial structure and characteristics of the regional technology innovation ability and economic growth quality and found that there was strong spatial dependence between regions, and the phenomenon of spatial agglomeration was obvious. Based on the Cobb-Douglas production function, this research applied the spatial econometric model to analyze their relationship and interaction path and the results showed that regional technological innovation capability promote the economic growth quality mainly reflect on the direct effect. Regional technology innovation had positive effect to its economy growth structure and stability, welfare changes and distribution, resource utilization and ecological environment. Interregional technological innovation spillovers only had a positive leading role to economic growth structure and ecological environment. Labor force was a double-edged sword, coexisted both positive and negative effects on the quality of economic growth. Supplies to the capital stock reflected a inhibition effect to regional technological innovation capability and economic growth quality. Finally the paper put forward some policy suggestions to promote the coordinated development of regional economy.

The development of China is not separable from the world, the world is also inseparable from China, China and other countries is a community of destiny, regional economic cooperation has become an important driving force behind economic development currently. This paper studies the economic linkage between China and its neighboring countries based on Multilevel P2 model and investigate the mechanism of the formation of the national economic ties from individual-level and organizational structure. It is important that a stable political environment is the foundation for economic linkage, intraregional trade and investment can accelerate economic ties between countries; capital stock, industry structure have provider effect; labor, infrastructure and other factors have the receiver effect. They are able to increase the likelihood of economic linkage between the countries. The analysis help to build a community of interests between China and neighboring countries, services for the promotion of mutual benefit and joint development services.

Although Anhui Province has entered a rapid development stage in recent years, there are still differences between regions. In order to analyze the regional inequality, using multi-index to assess the comprehensive economic strength of Anhui from 2005 to 2014, then utilizing Cv and Gini coefficient to estimate its regional inequality, the paper analyzes the evolution of regional inequality in the last decade. Applying rank-size law to analyze the changes of county economy. By means of the method of spatial autocorrelation to expose the spatial distribution of regional inequality, the paper explains the reason in terms of policy guidance and geographical location. The results show that although the regional inequality varied a little in last decade, on the one hand, it maintained a relatively stable status by and large, and it appears narrowing in recently, on the other hand, there is an obvious spatial agglomeration between different regions.

Urbanization is one of the important indexes of reflecting the economic development of a country or a region. For developing countries in particular, urbanization has become the primary engine to economic growth, and economic growth, in turn, provides the material guarantee for urbanization. Based on previous research, 41 index items that reflects urbanization and economic development systems are built, the weights of each index and the comprehensive level of economic development and urbanization of Xinjiang is calculated through entropy method, and the evolution of coordinated coupling degree between urbanization and economic development was analyzed by coordinate coupling degree model. Results indicate that economic scale and economic quality had a larger portion of contribution to the comprehensive level of economic development, while land urbanization and population urbanization had more effect on the comprehensive level of urbanization than that of the otheraspects of urbanization. During 1990—2014, the economic development and urbanization system has experienced low level coordination, medium level coordination, and high level coordination respectively.

By comparing the number of research documents about the quality of the urbanization in years of literatures, names and published sources of the literatures, the constrction of quality evaluation index system of urbanization, the characteristics of the study areas, research methods and date sources and so on. Finally，the problems and shortcomings on urbanization quality evaluation system research at home are presented and some suggestions are given to solve these problems. And then based on these literatures, we redesigned the urbanization healthy development index system which includes 60 qualitative indicators and 32 quantitative indicators. Some available methods such as entropy method and factor analysis and the analytic hierarchy process method and so on for analysis and evaluation are described. It aims at providing useful reference for scientific and comprehensive evaluating quality of urbanization.

Using the method of historical geography, from the Hui nationality economic model in different historical periods of the development of Henan characteristics, analyzes the various periods of different historical role of economic model of hui nationality identity. Studies have shown that Henan Hui economy mode, after the Tang and Song Dynasties, “Relaxation”“ fan Ke ”business activities, the rise of Yuan Hui agricultural economy and setting, the Ming and Qing Dynasties to the Hui business, in modern times, highlight the regional characteristics, the emergence of a large number of Hui industry phenomenon, Hui business economy reaches to a new and higher level of development. In the history of the Henan Hui, Hui identity is always carried by economy mode and can be fully displayed.

On the base of understanding to healthy urbanization, the evaluation index system of healthy urbanization was established which included status index system and driving index system. Entropy weighted grey correlation model, Theil indexes and coupling harmonious degree model were used to analyze the spatial and temporal pattern of healthy urbanization in Henan Province. Results were shown as follow: From the perspective of time, at the angle of status side the level of healthy urbanization in Henan Province from 2002 to 2014 was increasing continuously; the obvious influencing factor of healthy urbanization to sustain side became social development, economic development, and optimizing of resource and environment, etc., but former factor was only social development. And at the angle of driving side, the supporting capacity of pulling and pushing was weak; and pushing sustain system side arrived at the stage of reluctant coordination in 2011, however pulling sustain system side steadily arrived at the stage of reluctant coordination in 2011, pushing sustain system side and pulling sustain system side all arrived at the stage of primary coordination in 2014. From the perspective of space, at the angle of status side the level of healthy urbanization for every city in Henan Province from 2002 to 2014 kept increasing and the regional difference among 18 provinciallyadministered cities became small. And at the angle of driving side the contribuion from pulling sustain system to healthy urbanization was increasing contentiously and its regional difference became small; and the change of comprehensive coordination index and coupling coefficient which explaining the coupling coordination degree was contrary. And the contribution from pushing sustain system to healthy urbanization was increasing and its regional difference became small; and two index, comprehensive coordination index and coupling coefficient, to explaining the coupling coordination degree became small respectively. At 2002 and 2014, the important factors to affect healthy urbanization from driving angle side was different.

From the perspective of city memory, the paper selected Confucius Temple of Qinhuai River of Nanjing as the typical case by method of qualitative research and analyzed the historic and graphic data such as ancient map, ancient poetry, old scroll, etc. From two views including geographical and cultural space, the historical development of case was traced and characteristics of spatial evolution were studied. The results display that with the development of Nanjing the case has the important role such as city memory, cultural inheritance, life multiply, etc. which can provide reference for the development of traditional and cultural tourism destination as well as the conflict remission between urban development and memory protection.

The right policies for city life garbage classification is the premise and guarantee for garbage classification. Based on the questionnaire survey of residents in Nanjing, the paper analyzed the policy of city life garbage classification by ambiguity-conflict model .The results is concluded as follows: The policy implementation of city life garbage classification is high policy ambiguity and high policy conflict, which is symbolic to implementated,and cannot be performed. High policy ambiguity and high policy conflict can translate to low policy ambiguity and low policy conflict by negotiation，but it is not suitable for Nanjing. High policy ambiguity and high policy conflict also can translate to low policy ambiguity and low policy conflict by constraint, also it is not suitable for Nanjing. The paper suggests high policy ambiguity and low policy conflict for city life garbage classification in Nanjing City.

The brand cognitive of tourism festival is the standard to measure the value cognition of tourists. The theme of urban tourism festival also reflects the elements of urban image. After analyzing the geographical location, social culture and urban functions of Taipei City, it is made clear that Taipei has three major urban images, such as ecology, creativity and tourism. Based on this, taking the Taipei 101 Year Party as an example, the research indicates that brand cognitive of urban tourism festival, which is constituted by brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, perceived value, brand trust, brand loyalty, has a positive influence on tourists’ supporting intention. Furthermore, there stand group differences in age, education background and residence place about this kind of influence. Last but not least, the brand of tourism festival is conducive to promote the city image as well as to extend the lifecycle of its own brand.

Based on the fifth and sixth census data of street in Beijing, this article from multi-scale and multi-angel explores the spatial evolution characteristics of elderly population and aging distribution in Beijing City from 2000 to 2010. This article suggests that elderly population are most concentrated in Development Area of Urban Function and growing rapidly in New Area of the Urban Development in Beijing from 2000 to 2010; aging degree has deepened in ten years, and the spatial disparity enlargens between districts(counties); elderly population distribution in general presents “ center high, peripheral low, east high and west low, south high and north low ” spatial patterns; the spatial distribution situation of agglomeration is weakened; the area of high social isolation region significantly expands and these regions are concentrated in suburban, and the area of low social isolation region reduces; pension facilities are in general insufficient, and the spatial distribution of elderly population and pension facilities does not match; spatial accessibility distribution of medical service facilities based on elderly population is imbalance. Finally, this article analyzes its influential factors from net-aging-in-pace of population, migrant population, economic development, public service facilities and urban development strategies, and so on.

With the rapid tourism development China’s ancient town also encountered many problems in the development and management. Wuzhen(Ⅱ) walked out an innovation route and realized the upgrade and transformation of ancient town tourism. The study analyzes and sorts the experience of Wuzhen development and summarize Wuzhen mode from property right structure, product, operation and management mode and community participation dimensions, and proposes future development direction and suggestion for ancient town tourism development aiming at the current problems .Wuzhen mode provides a valuable reference for the reasonable development, development mode innovation and sustainable development of China’s other historic towns.

Based on remote sensing image from the series of Landsat satellites, residential space features in Xi’an metropolis was extracted by supervised classification of neural network in 2000, 2004, 2009, 2013, respectively, and the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics were also analyzed. The results indicate that (1) A significant increasing trend was detected in residential space during 2000—2013, with an increasing area of 872.26 km2. Meanwhile, the phase of residential expansion followed a fast-slower-faster pattern. In spatial, new residential spaces are mainly around urban area, compared to a discrete distribution in the past. (2) The pattern of residential space development will be dominated by concentration based urban in Xi’an. However, prefecturelevel cities and county town will be the potential development area for residential space. (3) The population development lagged the expansion of residential space. Owing to the population carrying capacity surplus, Xi’an suburbs and part of the county towns will be the main inflow areas for urbanization population. (4) The development of residential space lagged the industrial and service industry development, but faster than the development of agriculture, which illustrated a close correlation between the development of urban residential space and industrial and services industry. In addition, the development of rural residential space is also mainly influenced by regional industry and services, agriculture only act a supplementary role in residential space evolution.

Based on DMSP/OLS night light index and SPOT-VEGETATION dekad NDVI data, human settlements index (HSI) was calculated to simulate the population spatial distribution of Wuhan City in 2000 and 2012. Then the spatial autocorrelation model was employed to discover the distribution and evolution of population from the perspectives of spatial and temporal. The results showed that: (1) Using the night light intensity estimation method can simulate  Wuhan population spatial distribution fast and accurately; (2) There was a trend that rural population agglomerate to the central urban area with the feature of “high middle and low around”; (3) The spatial distribution of Wuhan population demonstrated a high spatial autocorrelation characteristic. According to local autocorrelation analysis, areas with “highhigh” feature were mainly distributed in Wuchang, Qiaokou, Jianghan, and Jiangan Districts. Besides that, this type of area expanded as time passed.  At the same time, in the suburbs of Wuhan City, there were also some new population agglomeration centers.

By building the evaluation system of basic public services equalization and using the set pair analysis model, this paper measures the quality of basic public services and analyzes the spatio-temporal pattern from 2003 to 2013 in Liaoning Province. Since the implement of the Northeast revitalization, the level of the basic public services equalization in Liaoning Province has been greatly improved. The evolution tendency show that the basic public services rises from low level to high level and the trend has the obvious stage characteristics. The absolute and relative difference of basic public services among cities has been reduced from 2003 to 2013. The “catch-up effect” of the low level is obvious. From the spatial pattern, the spatial evolution pattern show that the low level and uneven patterns evolved into the high level and equilibrium patterns. The spatial pattern shows that the level of central area is high, but the area on both side is low. Compared to cites of different types, the level of basic public services of the center cities is the highest, followed by the resources-based cities, the general cities has the lowest basic public services.

In this paper, through establishing the index system of population and economic system, the coordination of population and economic system of Ordos City was studied and calculated by variation coefficient method, model of comprehensive evaluation index and coupling model. Spatial distribution of coordination degree was studied and calculated by ArcGIS drawing software. On this basis, the coordination condition in the next several years was predicted by time series prediction method. The results showed that the comprehensive development level of population and economy in Ordos is low and hoisting speed is slow, and the difference of development level in different banner counties is huge from 2000 to 2014. The coordination degree level of population and economic system presented an elementary coordination level on the whole. In the eight banner counties, only Dongsheng District, Zhungeer and Dalate County achieved medium coordination level, and that of the rest districts need to be improved. The results of the prediction showed that by 2025 the coordinated development level in each district would be better markedly, which coordinated development level would change from elementary into medium.

Taking the typical arid region Xinjiang as example, the development level of urbanization and environment and the function of every element from 1996 to 2014 was discussed by entropy evaluation method, the coupling relationship of them was analysed by law of entropy generation. The coupling relationship of urbanization and environment in Xinjiang shows an unstable rising curve. Main mode of coupling are running-in type and antagonism type, which shows the expense of the population urbanization is at the expense of the ecological environment and the extent of damage is in the rising, but the extent of degradation intensified is in the shrinking and tends to be stable. The paper came up with the main path for ecological urbanization development in Xinjiang according to analysis from element flow point which influenced the coupling relationship of urbanization and environment.

Based on the behavioral mapping study theory, Nanjing Mendong Gutong Lane Demonstration Area was chosen as a sample to study night tourism activities. Correlation analysis of outdoor night tourism activities between many indicators such as seasonal variation, holiday-weekdays variation, time rhythm, spatially layout and tourists feature were carried out. The research found that people used to do outdoor activities at holiday or summer night, women and middle-ager were the major parts of them, active tourists accounted for the main part of nighttime tourists. The number of nighttime tourists reached its peak in 19:30 and 20:30. Density of leisure block was coincided with spatial distribution of sedentary tourists. Complex spaces with diversity attractions were more attractive to tourists. Women were fond of waterfront space, movie space and crafts display area. The middle-age tourists were the main users of the outdoor cafe. Teenagers preferred the waterfront space, while the elderly liked to gathered in the gallery space. The study shows that understanding the needs of tourists, expanding the time for night tourism activities, complex utilization of leisure block space are key factors in night tourism development. With the study theory and activity patterns found in this research, this paper may provide reference and new method to the study of night tourism.